Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) or olfactive neuroblastoma is a rare cancer arising from the neuroepithelium of the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity. Sinusal, orbital and intracranial expansions are common. The anatomopathological diagnosis will frequently require immuno-histochemical tests and sometimes electron-microscopy as well as genetic testing. Medical imaging with CT scan and MRI is essential for the stadification. Treatment will generally associate debulking or curative surgery (with combined rhino-neurosurgical accesses) and conformal stereo-tactic radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was generally reserved for palliative cases; it can be now proposed as neoadjuvant treatment. Most patients will relapse; thus the follow-up will remain ad vitam.
Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory , Nasal Cavity , Nose Neoplasms , Adult , Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/diagnosis , Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/therapy , Female , Humans , Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nose Neoplasms/therapy
The effect of Mg2, ATP and some of its analogs was studied on the spontaneously active and the ATP-Mg-dependent forms of phosphorylase phosphatase extracted from adrenal cortex. Inhibition of the spontaneously active form was observed with Mg2 (Ki - 9mM), ATP (Ki = 9micronM), 2'-doxy-ATP (Ki = 8 micronM), AtetraP (Ki = 9 micronM), AMP(CH2)PP (Ki = 11 micronM), ADP(CH2)P (Ki = 19 micronM), ADP(NH)P (Ki = 16micronM) and ADP (Ki = 25micronM). Activation of the ATP-Mg-dependent form was obtained with Mg2 (Ka = 0.55mM) (to a lower extent) and with ATP (Ka = 2micronM), 2'-deoxy-ATP (Ka = 6micronM) or AtetraP (Ka = 15micronM) in the presence of 0.5mM Mg2. Activation with AMP(CH2)PP was only observed in the presence of high concentrations (5mM) of Mg2 (Ka = 13micronM). No activation at all was observed with ADP(CH2)P or ADP(NH)P. Even though the activation of the ATP-Mg-dependent form does not seem to involve a kinase reaction, the stimulation by ATP or its analogs is rather specific, since it does not occur with analogs in which a methylene group or a nitrogen is substituted for the oxygen between the beta- and gamma-phosphates.
Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology , Adrenal Cortex/enzymology , Adrenal Glands/enzymology , Magnesium/pharmacology , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors , Phosphorylase Phosphatase/antagonists & inhibitors , Adenosine Diphosphate/pharmacology , Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Phosphorylase Phosphatase/metabolism
Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology , Cyclic AMP/pharmacology , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism , Phosphorylase Phosphatase/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphate/analogs & derivatives , Adrenal Cortex/enzymology , Animals , Cations, Divalent , Chromatography, Gel , Cytosol/enzymology , Enzyme Activation/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Magnesium/pharmacology , Mercaptoethanol/pharmacology , Molecular Weight , Muscles/enzymology , Phosphorylase Phosphatase/antagonists & inhibitors , Protein Denaturation/drug effects , Structure-Activity Relationship , Temperature , Time Factors , Urea/pharmacology
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism , Phosphorylases , Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology , Adrenal Cortex/enzymology , Animals , Cattle , Chromatography, Gel , Dogs , Enzyme Activation/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Magnesium/pharmacology , Organ Specificity , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/isolation & purification
Adrenal Glands/enzymology , Liver/enzymology , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/analysis , Adenosine Triphosphate , Animals , Cattle , Centrifugation, Density Gradient , Chromatography, Gel , Enzyme Activation , Kinetics , Magnesium , Molecular Weight , Organ Specificity , Phosphorylases , Protein Conformation , Time Factors
